Effect of oil viscosity on the flow structure in in horizontal Assignment

Effect of oil viscosity on the flow structure in in horizontal oilwater flow - Assignment Example The oil viscosity effect on pattern structure of flow was evaluated by relating the existing experiment data with that of Raj et al. (2005) Angeli and Hewitt (2000). The relationship gave a number of imperative outcomes. For instance, the velocity of water necessary to start the shift to non-stratified flow at small velocities of oil rose as the viscosity of oil became greater than before despite the fact that it reduced at greater velocities of oil. The development of annular and bubbly flows and the level of double continuous section were seen to increase with the increase in ratio of oil–water viscosity ratio. The oil looked discrete in water as soon as oil viscosity decreased as was seen before in studies done before. The oil viscosity effect on pressure rise was also researched by relating the outcomes with Chakrabarti et al. (2005) and Angeli and Hewitt (1998). One of the key outcomes is the great inconsistency between the results of pressure rise that is accredited to the oil viscosity difference. The dissimilarities between the outcomes increase at greater velocities of oil. The prevalent pressure values differences were seen in flow section in which oil is in the phase of continuous flow. On the other hand, for discrete water with oil (Do/w), the values of pressure gradient seen at similar circumstances are almost similar. A modest relationship was established to calculate the pressure rise in this system. The re lationship was endorsed by the use of new investigation data. Lastly, the oil viscosity effect on pressure rise estimation was examined by use of the liquid-liquid flow model for a flow that is stratified and the homogeneous model for oil discrete in water. Homogeneous model and liquid-liquid flow model (2-phase model) revealed a better way of predicting the small viscosities of oil. Two-phase flows; liquid-liquid or gas-liquid occur in many applications in process industries. Liquid-liquid flows occur in

Learning Disability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Learning Disability - Essay Example The learner does not frequently understand what he or she is reading. Confusing mathematical symbols plus numbers. Awkward pencil grasp and pitiable handwriting skills. Trouble observing multiple directions, organizing thoughts along with what they want to speak. Communication disorders Problems associated with speech, language as well as auditory processing. They range from uncomplicated sound repetitions like stuttering to sporadic misarticulation of terms, to absolute inability to utilize speech plus language for communications, or aphasia (Haynes, Moran, & Pindzola, 2011). The basis of communication disorders comprises hearing loss, neurological disorders, or brain injury. Others include mental retardation, history of drug abuse, emotional and psychiatric disorders, physical impairments like palate, and developmental disorders Characteristics includes: Difficulty in observing directions, attending to conversations, and articulating words. Difficulty in understanding the perceptio n of what has been said and expressing oneself. Do not observe social rules of conversation. Difficulty in using verbs. Difficulty comprehending jokes or sarcasm (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, 2012). Teaching strategies for learning disabilities It is important to begin by defining specific expectations with the learner first. Provide instantaneous reinforcement of accurate responses. Apply various modalities, like oral presentation, overheads, diagrams, and activity-based learning. Apply direct teaching methodology, such as phonics, or pronouncing words simultaneously. Use alternative evaluation methods, like an oral test, closed book test having dissimilar requirements for answers, and taped tests. Negotiate written assignments (Martin, 2008). Teaching strategies for communication disorders First understand what form of communication disorder the student has. Show consideration in terms of patience and acceptance Support speech practice through one-on-one conversations about their interests. Never mimic those with a speech disorder. Create practicing verbal skills sessions involving pairs of students as they read aloud, and working on problems orally, or otherwise play games which encourage speech development (National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, 2012). Placement options for learning disabilities Learners with learning disabilities should be educated under least restrictive environment, with the flexible setup to meet the learner individual needs. This includes: General education class having aids and modifications. State special schools. General education class having specialist services, or residential program. Placement options for communication disorders Focus on classroom interactions, language and communications applied, so as to help students learn to communicate in these environments. Apply unambiguous language, as well as communication planning within a non-deliberate language applicat ion. For instance, unconscious selection of language is significant features of school and class environments (Haynes, Moran, & Pindzola, 2011).